Do we live in a Marxian world?
Abstract
This paper proposes a scientific discussion from a Marxian-feminist point of view as a critical response to the European “austerity policies”. Nowadays global inequalities are very relevant, particularly a proletarization process based on an increase in class struggle, growing inequalities, unsustainability and the transnational concentration of power and wealth. The neoliberal approach ignores Marx’s theory and suggests that the Marxian view fails to explain the current economic system. However, I believe this to be a (dishonest) simplification of Marx’s theory (because data is very clear). This misrepresentation has a negative effect on the overall validity and sustainability of several European policies, mainly distribution and migration policies. Consequently, some policy recommendations need to be readdressed, including from a feminist point of view.
First published online 30 January 2017
Keyword : global labour exploitation, feminist view, inequality, class struggle, business irresponsibility
How to Cite
Franco, J. A. (2018). Do we live in a Marxian world?. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 24(1), 271-294. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1212740
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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García-Arias, J.; Fernández-Huerga, E.; Salvador, A. 2013. European periphery crises, international financial markets and democracy, American Journal of Economics and Sociology 72(4): 826–850. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12031
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Herzig, C.; Moon, J. 2013. Discourses on corporate social ir/responsibility in the financial sector, Journal of Business Research 66: 1870–1880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.008
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Hossein-Zadeh, I. 2014b. Flaws in the Marxian Explanations of the Great Recession, Review of Radical Political Economics 46(4): 473–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/0486613414537983
Hudson, D. 2008. Developing geographies of financialisation: banking the poor and remittance securitization, Contemporary Politics 14(3): 315–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/13569770802396360
Iglesias, J.; Badenes, X. 2011. Apuntes sobre la economía furtiva del capitalismo, Informes de Economía Crítica 8: 42–59 (in Spanish).
ILO. 2015. Ratifications of C189 [online], [cited 16 March 2015]. International Labour Organization. Available from Internet: www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:11300:0::NO::P11300_INSTRUMENT_ID:2551460
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Maravall, J. M. 2013. Las promesas políticas. Barcelona: Galaxia Gutenberg.
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NEF. 2009. A bit rich. Report. The New Economics Foundation, London. 44 p.
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SEO/BirdLife; WWF España. 2010. ¿Quien contamina cobra?: Relación entre la PAC y el medioambiente en España. Report. Sociedad Española de Ornitología/BirdLife, World Wide Fund For Nature España, Madrid. 32 p.
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Arnold, D. G.; Valentin, A. 2013. Corporate social responsibility at the base of pyramid, Journal of Business Research 66: 1904–1914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.012
Arnsperger, C.; Varoufakis, Y. 2006. What Is Neoclassical Economics? The three axioms responsible for its theoretical oeuvre, practical irrelevance and, thus, discursive power, Panoeconomicus 1: 5–18. https://doi.org/10.2298/PAN0601005A
Arrizabalo, X. 2014. Capitalismo y economía mundial. Instituto Marxista de Economía, Madrid.
Ayers, A. J.; Saad-Filho, A. 2015. Democracy against neoliberalism: paradoxes, limitations, transcendence, Critical Sociology 41(4–5): 597–618. https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920513507789
Banerjee, A. V.; Duflo, E. 2011. Poor economics: a radical rethinking of the way to fight global poverty. New York, NY: Public Affairs.
Baños, A. 2009. La economía no existe. Barcelona: Los libros del lince.
Benería, L. 2008. The crisis of care, international migration and public policy, Feminist Economics 14(3): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545700802081984
Bishop, M.; Green, M. 2008. Philanthrocapitalism: how the rich can save the world. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Press.
Buendía, L.; Palazuelos, E. 2014. Economic growth and welfare state: a case study of Sweden, Cambridge Journal of Economics 38(4): 761–777. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bet049
Burchardt, T. 2008. Time and income poverty. CASE report 57 [online], [cited 01 June 2014]. London School of Economics. Available from Internet: http://sticerd.lse.ac.uk/case/publications/reports.asp
CECS. 2011. Informe España 2011. Report. Centro de Estudios del Cambio Social, Fundación Encuentro, Madrid. 117 p.
CGT. 2004. Precariedad y cuidados. Materiales de Formación, Cuaderno 3, Confederación General de Trabajadores, Madrid. 43 p.
Colectivo Ioé. 2001. Una aproximación descriptiva a la situación de la inmigración ecuatoriana en España: Los trabajadores del servicio doméstico. Informe 4. Colectivo Ioé, Madrid. 29 p.
Consumers International. 2010. Hora de pasar por caja. Report. Consumers International, London. 64 p.
Cortina, A. 2011. Neuroética y neuropolítica. Madrid: Tecnos.
De Sebastián, L. 2000. Capitalismo y democracia en el siglo XXI. Cuadernos 99. Fundación Luis Espinal, Barcelona. 32 p.
Dow, S. C. 1998. The methodology of macroeconomic thought. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Duménil, G.; Lévy, D. 2011. The crisis of neoliberalism. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Duménil, G.; Lévy, D. 2014. La grande bifurcation. En finir aver le néolibéralisme. Paris: La Découverte.
Engels, F. 1895. Letters: Engels to Sombart, 11/03/1895 [online], [cited 12 March 2015]. Available from Internet: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1895/letters/95_03_11.htm
Etxezarreta, M. 2012. Dentro del sistema no hay solución: Reflexionando sobre las alternativas al capitalismo, in Ciclo de Conferencias de Ecología y Medio Ambiente, 9 March 2012, Córdoba, Spain.
Federici, S. 2004. Caliban and the witch. Brooklyn, NY: Autonomedia.
Franco, J. A. 2015. Principles of Economethics from the Giffen demand, Technological and Economic Development of Economy 21(4): 557–576. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2013.876686
Franco, J. A.; Cascante, K. 2012. Structural dimension of financial speculation on food demand, in I Congress of REEDES, 14–16 November 2012, Santander, Spain.
Franco, J. A.; Gaspar, P.; Mesías, F. J. 2012a. Economic analysis of scenarios for the sustainability of extensive livestock farming in Spain under the CAP, Ecological Economics 74(1): 120–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.12.004
Franco, J. A.; Rodríguez, M.; Rodríguez, M. J. 2012b. The ordination of women in the Catholic Church: a survey of attitudes in Spain, Journal of Gender Studies 21(1): 17–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2012.641391
Frank, T. 2001. One market under god. New York, NY: Anchor Books.Fraser, N. 2014. Behind Marx’s hidden abode, New Left Review 86: 55–72.
Gálvez, L.; Torres, J. 2010. Desiguales. Mujeres y hombres en la crisis financiera. Barcelona: Icaria.
García-Arias, J. 2015. International financialization and the systemic approach to international financing for development, Global Policy 6(1): 24–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12143
García-Arias, J.; Fernández-Huerga, E.; Salvador, A. 2013. European periphery crises, international financial markets and democracy, American Journal of Economics and Sociology 72(4): 826–850. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12031
García-Moreno, C. 2015. Trayectorias laborales de las mujeres migrantes cubanas en España, Migraciones Internacionales 8(1): 189–219.
Gilligan, C. 1982. In a different voice. 1993 edition. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Glennie, J. 2012. What if three quarters of the world’s poor live (and have always lived) in Low Aid Countries? Background Note. Overseas Development Institute, London. 6 p.
Gómez, J. D.; Franco, J. A. 2014. La agenda oculta de la cooperación al desarrollo, Chapter 4 in J. J. Losada, J. C. Barrera (Eds.). Lecturas Críticas del Desarrollo: Perspectivas Latinoamericanas. Bogotá: Editorial Bonaventuriana, 129–152.
Guerrero, D. 2008. Un resumen completo de El Capital de Marx. Madrid: Maia Editores.
Herzig, C.; Moon, J. 2013. Discourses on corporate social ir/responsibility in the financial sector, Journal of Business Research 66: 1870–1880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.008
Hossein-Zadeh, I. 2014a. Keynes is dead; long live Marx!, CounterPunch, 26 August 2014 [online], [cited 26 August 2014]. Available from Internet: www.counterpunch.org/2014/08/26/keynes-is-dead-long-live-marx/
Hossein-Zadeh, I. 2014b. Flaws in the Marxian Explanations of the Great Recession, Review of Radical Political Economics 46(4): 473–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/0486613414537983
Hudson, D. 2008. Developing geographies of financialisation: banking the poor and remittance securitization, Contemporary Politics 14(3): 315–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/13569770802396360
Iglesias, J.; Badenes, X. 2011. Apuntes sobre la economía furtiva del capitalismo, Informes de Economía Crítica 8: 42–59 (in Spanish).
ILO. 2015. Ratifications of C189 [online], [cited 16 March 2015]. International Labour Organization. Available from Internet: www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:11300:0::NO::P11300_INSTRUMENT_ID:2551460
Jackson, T. 2011. Prosperity without growth? Routledge. 288 p.
Klein, N. 2008. The shock doctrine: the rise of disaster capitalism. New York, NY: Picador.
Kohlberg, L. 1981. The philosophy of moral development. San Francisco, CA: Harper and Row.
Maravall, J. M. 2013. Las promesas políticas. Barcelona: Galaxia Gutenberg.
Marx, K. 1868. Marx-Engels correspondence 1868: Marx to Ludwig Kugelmann in Hannover, London 12 December 1868 [online], [cited 17 February 2015]. Available from Internet: https://marxists.anu.edu.au/archive/marx/works/1868/letters/68_12_12.htm
Marx, K. 1998. El Capital, vol. 1. Madrid: Siglo XXI.
Maslow, A. H. 1943. A theory of human motivation, Psychological Review 50(4): 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
McGoey, L. 2012. Philanthrocapitalism and its critics, Poetics 40: 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2012.02.006
Medina, J. M.; Cascante, K. 2011. Especulación financiera y crisis alimentaria. Report. Madrid: Ayuda en Acción, Cáritas Española, Ongawa, Prosalus. 113 p.
Milanovic, B. 2012. Global inequality: from class to location, from proletarians to migrants, Global Policy 3(2): 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2012.00170.x
Milanovic, B. 2013. Global income inequality in numbers: in history and now, Global Policy 4(2): 198–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12032
Milanovic, B.; Muñoz del Bustillo, R. 2008. La desigualdad de la distribución de la renta en América Latina, América Latina Hoy 48: 15–42 (in Spanish).
Narayan, D.; Chambers, R.; Shah, M. K.; Petesch, P. 2000. Voices of the poor: crying out for change. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1596/0-1952-1602-4
Navarro, V. 2011. El fracaso del neoliberalismo en el mundo y la Unión Europea, Ola Financiera 10: 95–116 (in Spanish).
Navarro, V. 2012. El por qué de los recortes, Diario Público, 12 July 2012 [online], [cited 01 June 2014]. Available from Internet: http://blogs.publico.es/dominiopublico/5499/el-por-que-de-los-recortes/
Navarro, V. 2013. ¿Qué pasa en Suecia?, El Plural.com, 09 June 2013 [online], [cited 01 June 2014]. Available from Internet: http://www.elplural.com/opinion/que-pasa-en-suecia/
Navarro, V.; Torres, J. 2012. Los amos del mundo. Madrid: Espasa.
NEF. 2009. A bit rich. Report. The New Economics Foundation, London. 44 p.
O’Connor, J. 1998. Natural causes. Essays on ecological marxism. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Orozco, A. 2005. Economía del género y economía feminista, ¿conciliación o ruptura?, Revista Vene-zolana de Estudios de la Mujer 10(24): 43–63 (in Spanish).
Ortiz, I.; Burke, S.; Berrada, M.; Cortés, H. 2013. World Protests 2006–2013. Working Paper. Initiative for Policy Dialogue, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, New York. 91 p.
Oxfam. 2002. Rigged rules and double standards. Report. Oxfam Great Britain, Oxford. 276 p.
Parrella, S. 2003. Mujer, inmigrante y trabajadora: la triple discriminación. Barcelona: Anthropos.
Pérez de Armiño, K. 2011. Crisis alimentaria y lucha contra el hambre en el África Subsahariana. La cuestionable contribución de los ODM, Revista de Economía Mundial 27: 117–148 (in Spanish).
Ramos, L. 2006. Los crímenes de la deuda. Deuda ilegítima. Barcelona: Icaria.
Rifkin, J. 2014. The zero marginal cost society: the internet of things, the collaborative commons, and the eclipse of capitalism. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
Sarasúa, C. 1994. Criados, nodrizas y amos. Madrid: Siglo XXI.
Sassen, S. 1999. Globalization and its discontents. New York, NY: The New Press.
SEO/BirdLife; WWF España. 2010. ¿Quien contamina cobra?: Relación entre la PAC y el medioambiente en España. Report. Sociedad Española de Ornitología/BirdLife, World Wide Fund For Nature España, Madrid. 32 p.
Smith, S. 2013. Marxism, feminism and women’s liberation, Socialist Worker, 31 January 2013 [online], [cited 17 February 2015]. Available from Internet: http://socialistworker.org/2013/01/31/marxism-feminism-and-womens-liberation
Sumner, A. 2012. Where do the world’s poor live? A new update. IDS Working Paper 393. Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK. 27 p.
Swift, J. 1729. A modest proposal. 2005 ed. Renascence editions [online], [cited 01 June 2013]. Available from Internet: https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1794/872/modest.pdf
Taifa Seminary. 2011. La estrategia del capital, Informes de Economía Crítica 8. Seminarios de Economía Crítica Taifa, Barcelona. 60 p.
Taifa Seminary. 2013. Reflexionando sobre las alternativas, Informes de Economía Crítica 9. Seminarios de Economía Crítica Taifa, Barcelona. 126 p.
Taifa Seminary. 2014. Desentrañando la Unión Europea, Informes de Economía Crítica 10. Seminarios de Economía Crítica Taifa, Barcelona. 112 p.
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